Dukunu Recipe

Our traditional Belizean Dukunu recipe, is a beloved dish that encapsulates the vibrant flavors and rich cultural heritage of Belize. Known by various alternative spellings such as “ducuna,” “duckunoo,” or “ducunu,” this savory delight is made from a harmonious blend of sweet corn, coconut milk, and an array of spices, all steamed to perfection in corn husks. It is still common to hear street food vendors calling out “dukunu” or “tamalitos” as they ride their bikes or motorcycles around town selling them.

Belizean Dukunu Recipe Ingredients:

• 6-7 cups of sweet corn kernels (freshly cut from the cob)
• Cornmeal (as needed to add firmness, approximately 1 cup)
• 1 cup of coconut milk (canned is acceptable if fresh is not available)
• 1 medium onion, finely chopped
• 2 cloves of garlic, minced
• 1 habanero pepper, finely chopped (optional for heat)
• Salt and pepper to taste
• Melted margarine or butter (about 2 tablespoons)
• Fresh shrimp (optional, cleaned and deveined)
• A few tablespoons of sugar (optional, to taste)
• Fresh parsley, for garnish
• Corn husks for wrapping (cleaned, or foil as an alternative if husks are too small)
• Additional spices as preferred (e.g., complete seasoning, black pepper)

Instructions:

1. Prepare the Corn: If using sweet corn, remember it has less starch than the traditional field corn used in Belize. This difference necessitates adding cornmeal to the mixture to achieve the desired firmness.
2. Blend the Corn: Remove the corn kernels from the cob and blend them to a medium consistency, not too coarse and not too smooth. Measure the corn after cutting to ensure consistency in the recipe.
3. Mix Ingredients: In a large bowl, combine the blended corn with cornmeal, finely chopped onion, minced garlic, chopped habanero (if using), and melted margarine. Mix well until everything is evenly distributed.
4. Add Liquids: Gradually stir in the coconut milk until you achieve a thick but pourable batter. Season with salt, pepper, and sugar to taste.
5. Prepare the Husks: If using corn husks, ensure they are clean and dry. If they are too small, consider doubling them up or using foil as an alternative to secure the Dukunu.
6. Wrap the Dukunu: Spoon the mixture onto the center of each husk (or foil), fold the sides over the filling, then fold up the bottom and top to enclose it. If using foil because of small husks, wrap securely.
7. Cook: Place the wrapped Dukunu in a steamer or a large pot with a steamer insert. Add water to the pot, but ensure it does not touch the Dukunu. Steam over medium heat for about 40-45 minutes, or until firm.
8. Prepare Shrimp (Optional): While Dukunu is steaming, sauté shrimp with onion, garlic, and your choice of spices until cooked. This can be served on top of or alongside the Dukunu.
9. Serving: Let the Dukunu cool slightly before unwrapping. Serve warm, garnished with parsley, and accompanied by stewed chicken, shrimp, or your choice of protein.
10. Enjoy! Dive into the rich flavors of Belize with this traditional dish, tailored to fit both traditional and contemporary tastes.

This recipe combines traditional elements with practical adjustments for those cooking outside of Belize, ensuring anyone can enjoy the delightful taste of Belizean Dukunu.

Dukunu Estimated Nutrional Information

• Calories: 371 kcal
• Protein: 5.1 g
• Carbohydrates: 55.9 g
• Fiber: 4.8 g
• Sugar: 14.3 g
• Fat: 16.2 g

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the difference between tamales and dukunu?

The primary difference between tamales and dukunu lies in their ingredients and preparation methods. Tamales, a popular Latin American dish, are typically made with masa (a dough made from nixtamalized corn), which is filled with meats, cheeses, or vegetables, and wrapped in banana leaf before being steamed. Dukunu, on the other hand, is a traditional Belizean dish that focuses on a sweet corn base blended with coconut milk, and sometimes, cornmeal to add firmness. Unlike tamales, Dukunu often does not contain fillings and is wrapped in corn husks for steaming, highlighting the sweet and savory flavors of the corn itself. Keep in mind that “tamales” can mean many different styles including corn-wrapped vs banana or plantain leaf-wrapped. The word tamales, or tamale, or tamalitos, can be very regionally specific.

What is Dukunu made of?

Dukunu is made from a delightful blend of fresh sweet corn kernels or field corn, coconut milk, and spices. Additional ingredients may include cornmeal (to help bind the mixture together), salt, pepper, and, depending on personal preference, habanero pepper for a bit of heat. The mixture is wrapped in corn husks and steamed to perfection, resulting in a savory, moist, and flavorful dish that’s deeply rooted in Belizean culinary tradition.

What is the meaning of Dukunu?

The term “Dukunu” has its origins in African cuisine and was brought to the Caribbean by African slaves. It refers to a dish made from ground maize (corn) and other ingredients, wrapped in leaves, and then cooked. In Belize, Dukunu has evolved to showcase local flavors, particularly the use of sweet corn and coconut milk, making it a unique and cherished part of the country’s culinary heritage. The word “Dukunu” itself is a testament to the dish’s deep cultural roots and its journey through history and geography.

What is the meaning of Dukunu in Jamaica?

In Jamaica, the term “Dukunu” (also spelled “duckunoo,” “duckanoo,” “tie-a-leaf,” or “blue drawers”) refers to a traditional dish that is part of the country’s rich culinary heritage, with roots extending back to West Africa. This dish is similar in concept to the Belizean Dukunu, but with notable differences in ingredients and flavors. Jamaican Dukunu also sometimes known as “sweet thing” is made from a mixture of grated sweet potato, coconut milk, spices, and sometimes cornmeal or flour, which is sweetened with sugar and spiced with nutmeg and vanilla. The mixture is then wrapped in banana leaves (or, in more modern variations, foil or parchment paper) and boiled or steamed. The result is a dense, sweet pudding-like dish that is often enjoyed as a dessert or snack.

What is tamalitos aka dukunu?

Tamalitos, also known as dukunu, is a term used in Belize to describe a smaller version of the traditional Dukunu. While both dishes share common ingredients such as corn and coconut milk, tamalitos or dukunu often refers to a bite-sized, steamed corn treat that’s savored as a snack or side dish. The term “tamalitos” highlights the dish’s similarity to the smaller tamales found in other Latin American cuisines, yet with a distinct Belizean twist that emphasizes the sweet corn and coconut flavors.